Direct3D 8 - Vertex Shader - Instructions (Microsoft)

Last edited 2026-01-27


This section contains reference information for the vertex shader vs.1.x instructions.


There are several types of vertex shader instructions, as shown in the table. 

Columns to the right mean the following:

  • Instruction slots - Number of instruction slots used by each instruction.
  • Setup - Non-arithmetic instructions. Every shader must have a version instruction and it must be the first instruction.
  • Arithmetic - These instructions provide the mathematical operations in a shader.


The meaning of colors in the Type column:

Color

Description

Green

The instruction works in Fusion.

Yellow

The instruction has not been confirmed to work in Fusion.

Red

The instruction does not work in Fusion.

Vertex instructions

Type

Instruction

Description

Instruction slots

Setup

Arithmetic

vs.1.0

vs.1.1

Note

asm

add

Add two vectors

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

dcl_usage

Declare input vertex registers

0

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

def

Define constants

0

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

dp3

Three-component dot product

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

dp4

Four-component dot product

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

dst

Calculate the distance vector

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

exp

Full precision 2x

10

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

expp

Partial precision 2x

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

frc

Fractional component

3

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

lit

Partial lighting calculation

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

log

Full precision log₂(x)

10

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

logp

Partial precision log₂(x)

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

m3x2

3x2 multiply

2

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

m3x3

3x3 multiply

3

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

m3x4

3x4 multiply

4

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

m4x3

4x3 multiply

3

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

m4x4

4x4 multiply

4

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

mad

Multiply and add

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

max

Maximum

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

min

Minimum

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

mov

Move

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

mul

Multiply

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

nop

No operation

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

rcp

Reciprocal square root

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

sge

Greater than or equal compare

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

sit

Less than compare

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

sub

Subtract

1

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

asm

vs

Declare vertex shader version

0

Yes

Unknown

Yes

TODO

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